Centralization risk remains one of the most dangerous structural vulnerabilities in Web3. When a smart contract or protocol gives too much power to a single address or key, the entire system becomes fragile. Audits and penetration tests are critical first steps to catch logic bugs, access-control flaws, and unsafe code before deployment. But security does not end there. Because DeFi systems are complex and evolving, continuous monitoring, secure operational practices, multisig or DAO governance, and defense-in-depth are required. As an investor or user, you should always examine audit history, access controls, upgrade permissions, and contract architecture before committing funds.